ABOUT SHOE

ABOUT SHOE



HISTORY SHOES

Over one hundred operations go into the construction of a shoe. The first and most important of these is the creation of the last. The last is a hand-carved wood or moulded plastic replica of the human foot. The last determines the contour of the arch and how evenly the wearer’s weight will be distributed throughout the foot. A different last is required for each shoe style and size to be produced.

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SHOES MATERIALS
Leather ,Plastic ,Rubber ,Textiles ,Wood.

FOOTWEAR COMPONENTS
Adhesives ,Air cushion ,Buckle ,Counterfort ,Eyelet ,Heel ,Hook ,Insole ,Laces ,Reinforcement tape ,Sole ,Steel shank ,Tack ,Toe puff ,Tread ,Welt.

TYPE SHOES

Dress and casual shoes

Leather shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek shape. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Dress shoes are commonly made to be worn by one of the sexes but some designs can be worn by either. The majority of dress shoes have an upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but also made with openings or even a connected series of straps, e. g. an open toe feature in women's shoes. Shoes with ankle length (covering the ankles) upper bodies are also available. Such shoes often have zippers to open them.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leather


Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals - the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing." In England, the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies targeting the masses, such as J. Crew and Banana Republic, to market shoes that are not Oxfords, such as rubber-sole bluchers.

Blüchers - the laces are tied to two pieces of leather independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing." In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps - a buckle and strap instead of lacing
Loafers - 'slip-on' shoes with no lacing
Various other closings exist but are less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes - have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes - has an extra layer of leather that 'caps' the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration
Wing-tips - The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either side of the shoe. Wing-tips can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. In England this is called a brogue.


Women's shoes

Multicolor Sandals
Heels - shoes with short, sturdy heels
Flats - shoes with almost no heel at all
Ballerina shoes - mimicking the appearance of ballet shoes, pointe shoes.
Medium height heels ("kitten" heels have less than 2 inches of height)
High heels
Stiletto heels - high heels
Open-toed shoes
Strap upper body shoes
Mary Janes
Espadrilles - a casual sandal, with a canvas top and a rope sole
Mule (footwear) - an open-toed slipper

Either sex
clogs
Platform shoes - shoes with very thick soles and heels, mainly worn by women in the U.S.
moccasins - originated by American Indians
Saddle shoe - leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle"
loafer - a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers)
Good examples of unisex shoes include Vans Slip-ons & Converse All-Stars.
The best heels can be found in ordinary stores such as target or walmart or any store moderate store in the mall.


Athletic Shoes

shoe for right foot
Men's and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than style.
sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes) - general purpose athletic shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties available for basketball or tennis.
running shoes - very similar to above
boating shoes - also similar to above. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching a boat deck.
track shoes - lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
football shoes - with plastic or metal cleats
golf shoes - with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replacable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less damage to the greens)
bowling shoes - intermediate style between ordinary dress shoes and athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
hiking shoes or boots
walking shoes - have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
climbing shoes
orthopedic shoes - specially designed for people with foot problems.
skating shoes - typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
ice skates
roller skates
inline skates
ski boot - a large, thick plastic boot, that is very hard to walk in, specially designed for attachment to the ski.
skateboarding shoes- used for skateboarding but also worn by teenagers for fashion
cycling shoes are equipped with a metal cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot.
sneaker boot and sneaker pump - a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress shoe


Dancing shoes
dance shoes - special shoes made for tap, jazz, ballet or ballroom dancing.
pointe shoes - shoes designed for professional ballet dancing.
tango/flamenco dance shoes.
dance sneakers (or dansneakers)- a combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with a block toe like a dance shoe


Work shoes

Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle guards.

Snow shoes
Snowshoes are special shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.


Boots
Boots are special shoes that are used in times of bad weather, or simply as an alternate style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as well as work boots and hiking boots.